1. Case endings in context
A case is the form a noun takes to show its job in the sentence: subject, object, place, owner and so on. Russian has six. Each row below needs one noun in one case; the left column names the job. Refresh the system in Russian cases.
| Case · job | Sentence | Choose |
|---|---|---|
| Nominativesubject, naming | Э́то моя́ …This is my sister. | |
| Genitiveabsence, “of” | У меня́ нет …I don’t have a car. | |
| Dativerecipient, “to” | Я пишу́ письмо́ …I’m writing a letter to my brother. | |
| Accusativedirect object | Я чита́ю …I’m reading a book. | |
| Instrumental“with”, means | Мы пьём чай с …We drink tea with lemon. | |
| Prepositionallocation after в, на | Па́па рабо́тает в …Dad works at the bank. |
2. Aspect: the process or the result?
Most Russian verbs come in pairs. The imperfective verb shows an action as a process, a habit or a repeated event; the perfective shows one complete action with a result. Read the situation, then pick the verb. Full guide: Verb aspect.
3. Verbs of motion: one way or round trip?
Russian has two verbs for “go on foot”. идти́ is one trip in one direction, happening now or at a set time. ходи́ть is movement back and forth: habits, round trips, or walking around. The same split exists for vehicles: е́хать and е́здить. Full guide: Verbs of motion.
- Смотри́, вон … авто́бус!Look, there goes the bus!
- Я … в бассе́йн по суббо́там.I go to the pool on Saturdays.
- Куда́ ты сейча́с …?Where are you going now?
- Вчера́ мы … в теа́тр.Yesterday we went to the theatre (and came back).
- Ребёнок уже́ …The baby can already walk.
- За́втра я … в Москву́ на по́езде.Tomorrow I’m going to Moscow by train.
4. Reading: a short message
A message from Anya to a friend. Read each sentence and work out the meaning first, then tap it to check the gloss and translation. Every structure here comes from the grammar series.
5. Translating: say it in Russian
The final round has no options. Say or write each sentence in Russian, then reveal the model answer and compare it word by word.