French comparatives and superlatives: plus grand que, meilleur, and la plus belle
Compare two Paris monuments · tap A, then B
La tour Eiffel est plus haute que l’Arc de triomphe.
La tour Eiffelthe Eiffel Towerestisplusmorehautetallque l’Arc de triomphe.than the Arc de Triomphe
la toor ay-FEL ay plü OHT kuh lark duh tree-ONF · “The Eiffel Tower is taller than the Arc de Triomphe.”Why:La tour Eiffel is feminine (la tour, la cathédrale), so the adjective adds -e: haute. Que stays que before an article. Heights: 330 m vs 50 m; built 1889 vs 1836.
Short answer: compare with plus (more), moins (less) or aussi (as) + adjective + que: Lyon est plus petit que Paris. The adjective still agrees with the first noun. For “the most”, put le, la or les before plus: la plus haute tour, and use de for “in”: la plus grande ville de France. Two irregulars to learn: bon → meilleur (better) and bien → mieux (better, as an adverb).
Three ways to compare
Plus, moins, aussi
The same frame works with adjectives, adverbs, nouns and verbs; only the little words change.
Comparing
more
less
as much
adjective
plus grand que
moins grand que
aussi grand que
adverb
plus vite que
moins vite que
aussi vite que
noun
plus de livres que
moins de livres que
autant de livres que
verb
travailler plus que
travailler moins que
travailler autant que
With nouns, aussi becomes autant de; with verbs, autant.
The irregular ones
Bon, meilleur, le meilleur; bien, mieux, le mieux
Bon (good) is an adjective, used with nouns; bien (well) is an adverb, used with verbs. Each has its own “better” and “best”.
bon→meilleur→le meilleur
This cake is better.
Ce gâteauthis cakeestismeilleur.better
suh ga-TOH ay may-YUHR · “This cake is better.”
bien→mieux→le mieux
She sings better than me.
Elleshechantesingsmieuxbetterque moi.than me
el SHONT MYUH kuh MWA · “She sings better than me.”
mauvais→pire→le pire
It’s the worst film of the year.
C’estit’sle pirethe worstfilmfilmde l’année.of the year
say luh PEER FEELM duh la-NAY · “It’s the worst film of the year.”
Where the superlative goes
La plus belle ville, la ville la plus grande
A superlative follows its adjective. Most adjectives come after the noun, so the article appears twice; a few short ones (beau, grand, petit, bon, jeune, vieux) come before it.
ParisParisestisla plus grandethe most bigvillecityde France.of France
pa-REE ay la plü GROND VEEL duh FRONSS
“Paris is the biggest city in France.”Grand goes before the noun; “in” is de.
C’estit’sla villethe cityla plus chèrethe most expensived’Europe.of Europe
say la VEEL la plü SHAIR duh-ROP
“It’s the most expensive city in Europe.”Cher goes after the noun: the article la appears twice.