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French · Culture · A2 to C1

French holidays: le 14 juillet, la galette des rois, le réveillon, and faire le pont

Cartes de vœux · pick the occasion
14 juilletBonne fête nationale !bon fet na-syo-NAL · Happy national day!
Fête nationaleBastille Day: a parade on the Champs-Élysées in the morning, fireworks and dances at night.
Onweva voirgo seele feu d’artifice ?the fireworks
on va VWAR luh fuh dar-tee-FEESS · “Shall we go and see the fireworks?”

Short answer: France has eleven public holidays, les jours fériés. The national day is le 14 juillet, with a military parade and fireworks. Christmas Eve and New Year’s Eve are both called le réveillon, a long late dinner. In January everyone eats la galette des rois, a cake with a hidden charm. When a holiday falls on a Thursday or Tuesday, many people take the day in between off: faire le pont, “to make the bridge”.

A day on 14 July

Le défilé, le bal, le feu d’artifice

Bastille Day remembers the storming of the Bastille prison in 1789 and the Fête de la Fédération a year later. Here is how the day unfolds.

  1. 10hluh day-fee-LAYthe military parade down the Champs-Élysées
  2. 13hluh peek-NEEKpicnics in parks and on the banks of the Seine
  3. 22hluh bal day pon-PYAYdances held in fire stations, open to all
  4. 23hluh fuh dar-tee-FEESSfireworks, with the Eiffel Tower in Paris
La galette des rois

La fève, le roi, la couronne

For Epiphany (6 January) and the weeks after it, families and offices share an almond pastry with a small charm, la fève, hidden inside. The ritual has fixed words.

1
Le plus jeunethe youngestvagoessous la table.under the table
luh plü ZHUHN va soo la TABL
“The youngest goes under the table.”The youngest child calls out who gets each slice, so no one can cheat.
2
C’estit’spourforqui ?whom
say poor KEE
“Who is this one for?”The adult points at each slice and asks.
3
J’aiI-havela fève !the charm
zhay la FEV
“I’ve got the charm!”Once a dried bean, now a small porcelain figure.
4
Le roithe kingmetputs-onla couronne.the crown
luh RWA may la koo-RON
“The king puts on the crown.”Every galette comes with a gold paper crown.
5
Ilhechoisitchoosessa reine.his queen
eel shwa-ZEE sa REN
“He chooses his queen.”The king or queen picks a partner; in some families, they buy the next galette.
Faire le pont

Jeudi férié, vendredi de pont

A jour férié (public holiday) that falls mid-week leaves one working day stranded next to the weekend. Take it off and you “make the bridge”: faire le pont. Pick a holiday and the day it falls on to see what the French do.

Cette année, il tombe un…
lun.travail
mar.travail
mer.travail
jeu.férié
ven.le pont !
sam.week-end
dim.week-end
On fait le pont !
L’AscensionAscension Daytombefallsun jeudi,on-a Thursdayonwefait le pontmake the bridgevendredi.Friday
la-son-SYON TOMB uhn zhuh-DEE, on fay luh PON von-druh-DEE · “Ascension Day falls on a Thursday, so we’re taking Friday off.”
4 joursThursday holiday + Friday off = a four-day weekend for one day of leave.
Two late-night feasts

Le réveillon de Noël, le réveillon du Nouvel An

Réveillon comes from réveiller (to wake): you stay up late. The two evenings have different traditions.

Le 24 décembreA family dinner: oysters, foie gras, a roast, and the Yule-log cake.
Le 31 décembreWith friends: champagne, a countdown, and a kiss under the mistletoe.
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